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1. Summary of Materials Read: The Multifaceted Impact of Globalization on Culture Driven by advances in transportation and information and communication technology, globalization links the world into a single vast network, resulting in three major effects on culture: Cultural Homogenization, Cultural Hybridization (or Glocalization), and Cultural Pluralism/Conflict. Firstly, Cultural Homogenization refers to the trend where a specific culture, often one backed by strong economic and media power (e.g., American culture), spreads globally, potentially replacing or weakening unique regional cultures. The "McDonaldization" phenomenon—where global consumer goods like Coca-Cola, Hollywood films, and jeans are consumed everywhere—is a prime example. This raises concerns about the loss of cultural diversity and the dominance of a few powerful cultures. Secondly, Cultural Hybridization (or syncretism) occurs when foreign cultural elements meet and merge with local culture, not just re...